更新日志 - Python 3.11.0 alpha 3 - 《Python v3.13.0 中文文档》

构建
Windows
macOS
C API
Python 3.11.0 alpha 3
Python 3.11.0 alpha 2
- 核心与内置函数

构建

bpo-44133 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44133]: When Python is configured with --without-static-libpython, the Python static library (libpython.a) is no longer built. Patch by Victor Stinner.
bpo-44133 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44133]: When Python is built without --enable-shared, the python program is now linked to object files, rather than being linked to the Python static library (libpython.a), to make sure that all symbols are exported. Previously, the linker omitted some symbols like the Py_FrozenMain() function. Patch by Victor Stinner.
bpo-40280 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40280]: The configure script has a new option --with-emscripten-target to select browser or node as Emscripten build target.
bpo-46315 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46315]: Added and fixed #ifdef HAVE_FEATURE checks for functionality that is not available on WASI platform.
bpo-45723 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45723]: Fixed a regression in configure check for select.epoll().
bpo-46263 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46263]: configure no longer sets MULTIARCH on FreeBSD platforms.
bpo-46106 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46106]: Updated OpenSSL to 1.1.1m in Windows builds, macOS installer builds, and CI. Patch by Kumar Aditya.
bpo-46088 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46088]: Automatically detect or install bootstrap Python runtime when building from Visual Studio.
bpo-46072 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46072]: Add a —with-pystats configure option to turn on internal statistics gathering.
bpo-40280 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40280]: A new directory Tools/wasm contains WebAssembly-related helpers like config.site override for wasm32-emscripten, wasm assets generator to bundle the stdlib, and a README.
bpo-46023 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46023]: makesetup no longer builds extensions that have been marked as disabled. This allows users to disable modules in Modules/Setup.local.
bpo-45949 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45949]: Use pure Python freeze_module for all but importlib bootstrap files. --with-freeze-module configure option is no longer needed for cross builds.

Windows

bpo-46217 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46217]: Removed parameter that is unsupported on Windows 8.1 and early Windows 10 and may have caused build or runtime failures.

macOS

bpo-40477 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40477]: The Python Launcher app for macOS now properly launches scripts and, if necessary, the Terminal app when running on recent macOS releases.

C API

bpo-46236 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46236]: Fix a bug in PyFunction_GetAnnotations() that caused it to return a tuple instead of a dict.
bpo-46140 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46140]: PyBuffer_GetPointer(), PyBuffer_FromContiguous(), PyBuffer_ToContiguous() and PyMemoryView_FromBuffer() now take buffer info by const Py_buffer * instead of Py_buffer *, as they do not need mutability. PyBuffer_FromContiguous() also now takes the source buffer as const void *, and similarly PyBuffer_GetPointer() takes the strides as const Py_ssize_t *.
bpo-45855 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45855]: Document that the no_block argument to PyCapsule_Import() is a no-op now.
bpo-45855 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45855]: Replaced deprecated usage of PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock() with PyImport_ImportModule() in stdlib modules. Patch by Kumar Aditya.
bpo-46007 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46007]: The PyUnicodeCHECKINTERNED() macro has been excluded from the limited C API. It was never usable there, because it used internal structures which are not available in the limited C API. Patch by Victor Stinner.

Python 3.11.0 alpha 3

Release date: 2021-12-08

核心与内置函数

bpo-46009 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46009]: Restore behavior from 3.9 and earlier when sending non-None to newly started generator. In 3.9 this did not affect the state of the generator. In 3.10.0 and 3.10.1 gen_func().send(0) is equivalent to gen_func().throw(TypeError(…) which exhausts the generator. In 3.10.2 onward, the behavior has been reverted to that of 3.9.
bpo-46004 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46004]: Fix the SyntaxError location for errors involving for loops with invalid targets. Patch by Pablo Galindo
bpo-45711 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45711]: PyErrChainStackItem() no longer normalizes exc_info (including setting the traceback on the exception instance) because exc_info is always normalized.
bpo-45607 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45607]: The __note__ field was added to BaseException. It is None by default but can be set to a string which is added to the exception's traceback.
bpo-45947 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45947]: Place pointers to dict and values immediately before GC header. This reduces number of dependent memory loads to access either dict or values from 3 to 1.
bpo-45915 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45915]: is_valid_fd now uses faster fcntl(fd, F_GETFD) on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
bpo-44530 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44530]: Reverts a change to the code._new_ audit event from an earlier prerelease.
bpo-42268 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=42268]: Fail the configure step if the selected compiler doesn't support memory sanitizer. Patch by Pablo Galindo
bpo-45711 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45711]: The three values of exc_info are now always consistent with each other. In particular, the type and traceback fields are now derived from the exception instance. This impacts the return values of sys.exc_info() and PyErr_GetExcInfo() if the exception instance is modified while the exception is handled, as well as PyErr_SetExcInfo(), which now ignores the type and traceback arguments provided to it.
bpo-45727 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45727]: Refine the custom syntax error that suggests that a comma may be missing to trigger only when the expressions are detected between parentheses or brackets. Patch by Pablo Galindo
bpo-45885 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45885]: Specialized the COMPARE_OP opcode using the PEP 659 machinery.
bpo-45786 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45786]: Allocate space for the interpreter frame in the frame object, to avoid an additional allocation when the frame object outlives the frame activation.
bpo-45614 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45614]: Fix traceback display for exceptions with invalid module name.
bpo-45813 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45813]: Fix crash when calling coro.cr_frame.clear() after coroutine has been freed.
bpo-45811 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45811]: Improve the tokenizer errors when encountering invisible control characters in the parser. Patch by Pablo Galindo
bpo-45848 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45848]: Allow the parser to obtain error lines directly from encoded files. Patch by Pablo Galindo
bpo-45709 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45709]: Restore behavior from 3.10 when tracing an exception raised within a with statement.
bpo-44525 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44525]: Adds new COPY_FREE_VARS opcode, to make copying of free variables from function to frame explicit. Helps optimization of calls to Python function.
bpo-45829 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45829]: Specialize BINARY_SUBSCR for classes with a __getitem__ method implemented in Python
bpo-45826 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45826]: Fixed a crash when calling .with_traceback(None) on NameError. This occurs internally in unittest.TestCase.assertRaises().
bpo-45822 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45822]: Fixed a bug in the parser that was causing it to not respect PEP 263 [https://peps.python.org/pep-0263/] coding cookies when no flags are provided. Patch by Pablo Galindo
bpo-45820 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45820]: Fix a segfault when the parser fails without reading any input. Patch by Pablo Galindo
bpo-45636 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45636]: Simplify the implementation of BINARY_OP by indexing into an array of function pointers (rather than switching on the oparg).
bpo-42540 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=42540]: Fix crash when os.fork() is called with an active non-default memory allocator.
bpo-45738 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45738]: Fix computation of error location for invalid continuation characters in the parser. Patch by Pablo Galindo.
bpo-45636 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45636]: Remove an existing "fast path" for old-style string formatting, since it no longer appears to have any measurable impact.
bpo-45753 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45753]: Make recursion checks a bit more efficient by tracking amount of calls left before overflow.
bpo-45773 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45773]: Fix a compiler hang when attempting to optimize certain jump patterns.
bpo-45764 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45764]: The parser now gives a better error message when leaving out the opening parenthesis ( after a def-statement:

>>> def f:
  File "<stdin>", line 1 def f: ^
SyntaxError: expected '('

bpo-45609 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45609]: Specialized the STORE_SUBSCR opcode using the PEP 659 machinery.
bpo-45636 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45636]: Replace all numeric BINARY_* and INPLACE_* instructions with a single BINARY_OP implementation.
bpo-45582 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45582]: Path calculation (known as getpath) has been reimplemented as a frozen Python module. This should have no visible impact, but may affect calculation of all paths referenced in sys and sysconfig.
bpo-45450 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45450]: Improve the syntax error message for parenthesized arguments. Patch by Pablo Galindo.

库

bpo-27946 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=27946]: Fix possible crash when getting an attribute of xml.etree.ElementTree.Element simultaneously with replacing the attrib dict.
bpo-45711 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45711]: Make asyncio normalize exceptions as soon as they are captured with PyErr_Fetch(), and before they are stored as an exc_info triplet. This brings asyncio in line with the rest of the codebase, where an exc_info triplet is always normalized.
bpo-23819 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=23819]: Replaced asserts with exceptions in asyncio, patch by Kumar Aditya.
bpo-13236 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=13236]: unittest.TextTestResult and unittest.TextTestRunner flush now the output stream more often.
bpo-45917 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45917]: Added math.exp2():, which returns 2 raised to the power of x.
bpo-37658 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=37658]: Fix issue when on certain conditions asyncio.wait_for() may allow a coroutine to complete successfully, but fail to return the result, potentially causing memory leaks or other issues.
bpo-45876 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45876]: Improve the accuracy of stdev() and pstdev() in the statistics module. When the inputs are floats or fractions, the output is a correctly rounded float
bpo-44649 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44649]: Handle dataclass(slots=True) with a field that has default a default value, but for which init=False.
bpo-45803 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45803]: Added missing kw_only parameter to dataclasses.make_dataclass().
bpo-45837 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45837]: The turtle.RawTurtle.settiltangle() is deprecated since Python 3.1, it now emits a deprecation warning and will be removed in Python 3.13.

Use turtle.RawTurtle.tiltangle() instead.

turtle.RawTurtle.tiltangle() was earlier incorrectly marked as deprecated, its docstring has been corrected.

Patch by Hugo van Kemenade.

bpo-45831 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45831]: faulthandler can now write ASCII-only strings (like filenames and function names) with a single write() syscall when dumping a traceback. It reduces the risk of getting an unreadable dump when two threads or two processes dump a traceback to the same file (like stderr) at the same time. Patch by Victor Stinner.
bpo-45828 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45828]: sqlite C callbacks now use unraisable exceptions if callback tracebacks are enabled. Patch by Erlend E. Aasland.
bpo-41735 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=41735]: Fix thread lock in zlib.Decompress.flush() method before PyObject_GetBuffer.
bpo-45235 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45235]: Reverted an argparse bugfix that caused regression in the handling of default arguments for subparsers. This prevented leaf level arguments from taking precedence over root level arguments.
bpo-45754 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45754]: Fix a regression in Python 3.11a1 and 3.11a2 where sqlite3 incorrectly would use SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH when checking SQL statement lengths. Now, SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH is used. Patch by Erlend E. Aasland.
bpo-45766 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45766]: Added proportional option to statistics.linear_regression().
bpo-45765 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45765]: In importlib.metadata, fix distribution discovery for an empty path.
bpo-45757 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45757]: Fix bug where dis produced an incorrect oparg when EXTENDED_ARG is followed by an opcode that does not use its argument.
bpo-45644 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45644]: Inplace JSON file formatting using python3 -m json.tool infile infile now works correctly, previously it left the file empty. Patch by Chris Wesseling.
bpo-45703 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45703]: When a namespace package is imported before another module from the same namespace is created/installed in a different sys.path location while the program is running, calling the importlib.invalidate_caches() function will now also guarantee the new module is noticed.
bpo-45535 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45535]: Improve output of dir() with Enums.
bpo-45664 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45664]: Fix types.resolve_bases() and types.new_class() for types.GenericAlias instance as a base.
bpo-45663 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45663]: Fix dataclasses.is_dataclass() for dataclasses which are subclasses of types.GenericAlias.
bpo-45662 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45662]: Fix the repr of dataclasses.InitVar with a type alias to the builtin class, e.g. InitVar[list[int]].
bpo-43137 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=43137]: Launch GNOME web browsers via gio tool instead of obsolete gvfs-open
bpo-45429 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45429]: On Windows, time.sleep() now uses a waitable timer which supports high-resolution timers. Patch by Donghee Na and Eryk Sun.
bpo-37295 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=37295]: Optimize math.comb() and math.perm().
bpo-45514 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45514]: Deprecated legacy functions in importlib.resources.
bpo-45507 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45507]: Add tests for truncated/missing trailers in gzip.decompress implementation.
bpo-45359 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45359]: Implement PEP 585 [https://peps.python.org/pep-0585/] for graphlib.TopologicalSorter.
bpo-44733 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44733]: Add max_tasks_per_child to concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor. This allows users to specify the maximum number of tasks a single process should execute before the process needs to be restarted.
bpo-28806 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=28806]: Improve netrc library. netrc file no longer needs to contain all tokens. And if the login name is anonymous, security check is no longer need.
bpo-43498 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=43498]: Avoid a possible "RuntimeError: dictionary changed size during iteration" when adjusting the process count of ProcessPoolExecutor.
bpo-42158 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=42158]: Add MIME types for N-quads, N-triples, Notation3 and TriG to mimetypes.
bpo-30533 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=30533]: Add inspect.getmembers_static() , it return all members without triggering dynamic lookup via the descriptor protocol. Patch by Weipeng Hong.

文档

bpo-42238 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=42238]: make -C Doc suspicious will be removed soon in favor of make -C Doc check, mark it as deprecated.
bpo-45840 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45840]: Improve cross-references in the documentation for the data model.
bpo-45640 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45640]: Properly marked-up grammar tokens in the documentation are now clickable and take you to the definition of a given piece of grammar. Patch by Arthur Milchior.
bpo-45788 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45788]: Link doc for sys.prefix to sysconfig doc on installation paths.
bpo-45772 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45772]: socket.socket documentation is corrected to a class from a function.
bpo-45392 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45392]: Update the docstring of the type builtin to remove a redundant line and to mention keyword arguments for the constructor.
bpo-45250 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45250]: Update the documentation to note that CPython does not consistently require iterators to define __iter__.
bpo-25381 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=25381]: In the extending chapter of the extending doc, update a paragraph about the global variables containing exception information.
bpo-43905 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=43905]: Expanded astuple() and asdict() docs, warning about deepcopy being applied and providing a workaround.

测试

bpo-45695 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45695]: Out-of-tree builds with a readonly source directory are now tested by CI.
bpo-19460 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=19460]: Add new Test for Lib/email/mime/nonmultipart.py::MIMENonMultipart.
bpo-45835 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45835]: Fix race condition in test_queue tests with multiple "feeder" threads.
bpo-45783 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45783]: The test for the freeze tool now handles file moves and deletions.
bpo-45745 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45745]: Remove the --findleaks command line option of regrtest: use the --fail-env-changed option instead. Since Python 3.7, it was a deprecated alias to the --fail-env-changed option.
bpo-45701 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45701]: Add tests with tuple type with functools.lru_cache() to test_functools.

构建

bpo-44035 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44035]: CI now verifies that autoconf files have been regenerated with a current and unpatched autoconf package.
bpo-45950 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45950]: The build system now uses a bootstrappython interpreter for freezing and deepfreezing again. To speed up build process the build tools bootstrappython and freezemodule are no longer build with LTO.
bpo-45881 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45881]: The configure script now accepts --with-build-python and --with-freeze-module options to make cross compiling easier.
bpo-40280 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40280]: Emscripten platform now uses .wasm suffix by default.
bpo-40280 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40280]: Disable unusable core extension modules on WASM/Emscripten targets.
bpo-40280 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40280]: configure now checks for socket shutdown function. The check makes it possible to disable SYS_shutdown with ac_cv_func_shutdown=no in CONFIG_SITE.
bpo-40280 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40280]: configure now checks for functions fork1, getegid, geteuid, getgid, getppid, getuid, opendir, pipe, system, wait, ttyname.
bpo-33393 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=33393]: Update config.guess to 2021-06-03 and config.sub to 2021-08-14. Makefile now has an update-config target to make updating more convenient.
bpo-45866 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45866]: make regen-all now produces the same output when run from a directory other than the source tree: when building Python out of the source tree. pegen now strips directory of the "generated by pygen from " header Patch by Victor Stinner.
bpo-40280 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40280]: configure now accepts machine wasm32 or wasm64 and OS wasi or emscripten for cross building, e.g. wasm32-unknown-emscripten, wasm32-wasi, or wasm32-unknown-wasi.
bpo-41498 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=41498]: Python now compiles on platforms without sigset_t. Several functions in signal are not available when sigset_t is missing.

Based on patch by Roman Yurchak for pyodide.

bpo-45881 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45881]: setup.py now uses CC from environment first to discover multiarch and cross compile paths.
bpo-45886 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45886]: The freezemodule program path can now be overridden on the command line, e.g. make FREEZE_MODULE=../x86_64/Program/freezemodule.
bpo-45873 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45873]: Get rid of the bootstrappython build step. The deepfreeze.py script is now run using $(PYTHON_FOR_REGEN) which can be Python 3.7 or newer (on Windows, 3.8 or newer).
bpo-45847 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45847]: Port builtin hashlib extensions to PY_STDLIB_MOD macro and addext().
bpo-45723 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45723]: Add autoconf helpers for saving and restoring environment variables:
- SAVE_ENV: Save $CFLAGS, $LDFLAGS, $LIBS, and $CPPFLAGS.
- RESTORE_ENV: Restore $CFLAGS, $LDFLAGS, $LIBS, and $CPPFLAGS.
- WITH_SAVE_ENV([SCRIPT]): Run SCRIPT wrapped with SAVE_ENV and RESTORE_ENV.

Patch by Erlend E. Aasland.

bpo-45573 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45573]: Mandatory core modules, that are required to bootstrap Python, are now in Modules/Setup.bootstrap.
bpo-45573 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45573]: configure now creates Modules/Setup.stdlib with conditionally enabled/disabled extension module lines. The file is not used, yet.
bpo-45573 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45573]: configure now uses a unified format to set state, compiler flags, and linker flags in Makefile. The new macro PY_STDLIB_MOD sets three variables that are consumed by Modules/Setup and setup.py.
bpo-45816 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45816]: Python now supports building with Visual Studio 2022 (MSVC v143, VS Version 17.0). Patch by Jeremiah Vivian.
bpo-45800 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45800]: Settings for pyexpat C extension are now detected by configure. The bundled expat library is built in Makefile.
bpo-45798 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45798]: Settings for decimal internal C extension are now detected by configure. The bundled libmpdec library is built in Makefile.
bpo-45723 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45723]: configure has a new option --with-pkg-config to disable or require pkg-config.
bpo-45774 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45774]: The build dependencies for sqlite3 are now detected by configure and pkg-config. Patch by Erlend E. Aasland.
bpo-45763 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45763]: The build dependencies for zlib, bz2, and lzma are now detected by configure.
bpo-45747 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45747]: gdbm and dbm build dependencies are now detected by configure.
bpo-45743 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45743]: On macOS, the build system no longer passes search_paths_first to the linker. The flag has been the default since Xcode 4 / macOS 10.6.
bpo-45723 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45723]: configure.ac is now compatible with autoconf 2.71. Deprecated checks STDC_HEADERS and AC_HEADER_TIME have been removed.
bpo-45723 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45723]: configure now prints a warning when pkg-config is missing.
bpo-45731 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45731]: configure --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions is now handled by new PY_SQLITE_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION macro instead of logic in setup.py.
bpo-45723 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45723]: configure.ac now uses custom helper macros and AC_CACHE_CHECK to simplify and speed up configure runs.
bpo-45696 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45696]: Skip the marshal step for frozen modules by generating C code that produces a set of ready-to-use code objects. This speeds up startup time by another 10% or more.
bpo-45561 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45561]: Run smelly.py tool from $(srcdir).

Windows

bpo-46105 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=46105]: Fixed calculation of sys.path in a venv on Windows.
bpo-45901 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45901]: When installed through the Microsoft Store and set as the default app for *.py files, command line arguments will now be passed to Python when invoking a script without explicitly launching Python (that is, script.py args rather than python script.py args).
bpo-45616 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45616]: Fix Python Launcher's ability to distinguish between versions 3.1 and 3.10 when either one is explicitly requested. Previously, 3.1 would be used if 3.10 was requested but not installed, and 3.10 would be used if 3.1 was requested but 3.10 was installed.
bpo-45850 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45850]: Implement changes to build with deep-frozen modules on Windows. Note that we now require Python 3.10 as the "bootstrap" or "host" Python.
bpo-45732 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45732]: Updates bundled Tcl/Tk to 8.6.12.
bpo-45720 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45720]: Internal reference to shlwapi.dll was dropped to help improve startup time. This DLL will no longer be loaded at the start of every Python process.

macOS

bpo-45732 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45732]: Update python.org macOS installer to use Tcl/Tk 8.6.12.

C API

bpo-39026 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=39026]: Fix Python.h to build C extensions with Xcode: remove a relative include from Include/cpython/pystate.h.

Python 3.11.0 alpha 2

Release date: 2021-11-05

核心与内置函数

bpo-45716 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45716]: Improve the SyntaxError message when using True, None or False as keywords in a function call. Patch by Pablo Galindo.
bpo-45688 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45688]: sys.stdlib_module_names now contains the macOS-specific module _scproxy.
bpo-45379 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45379]: Clarify ImportError message when we try to explicitly import a frozen module but frozen modules are disabled.
bpo-44525 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44525]: Specialize simple calls to Python functions (no starargs, keyword dict, or closure)
bpo-45530 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45530]: Cases of sorting using tuples as keys may now be significantly faster in some cases. Patch by Tim Peters.

The order of the result may differ from earlier releases if the tuple elements don't define a total ordering (see 值比较 for information on total ordering). It's generally true that the result of sorting simply isn't well-defined in the absence of a total ordering on list elements.

bpo-45526 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45526]: In obmalloc, set ADDRESS_BITS to not ignore any bits (ignored 16 before). That is safer in the case that the kernel gives user-space virtual addresses that span a range greater than 48 bits.
bpo-30570 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=30570]: Fixed a crash in issubclass() from infinite recursion when searching pathological __bases__ tuples.
bpo-45521 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45521]: Fix a bug in the obmalloc radix tree code. On 64-bit machines, the bug causes the tree to hold 46-bits of virtual addresses, rather than the intended 48-bits.
bpo-45494 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45494]: Fix parser crash when reporting errors involving invalid continuation characters. Patch by Pablo Galindo.
bpo-45445 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45445]: Python now fails to initialize if it finds an invalid -X option in the command line. Patch by Pablo Galindo.
bpo-45340 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45340]: Object attributes are held in an array instead of a dictionary. An object's dictionary are created lazily, only when needed. Reduces the memory consumption of a typical Python object by about 30%. Patch by Mark Shannon.
bpo-45408 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45408]: Fix a crash in the parser when reporting tokenizer errors that occur at the same time unclosed parentheses are detected. Patch by Pablo Galindo.
bpo-29410 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=29410]: Add SipHash13 for string hash algorithm and use it by default.
bpo-45385 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45385]: Fix reference leak from descr_check. Patch by Donghee Na.
bpo-45367 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45367]: Specialized the BINARY_MULTIPLY opcode to BINARY_MULTIPLY_INT and BINARY_MULTIPLY_FLOAT using the PEP 659 machinery.
bpo-21736 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=21736]: Frozen stdlib modules now have __file__ to the .py file they would otherwise be loaded from, if possible. For packages, __path__ now has the correct entry instead of being an empty list, which allows unfrozen submodules to be imported. These are set only if the stdlib directory is known when the runtime is initialized. Note that the file at __file__ is not guaranteed to exist. None of this affects non-stdlib frozen modules nor, for now, frozen modules imported using PyImport_ImportFrozenModule(). Also, at the moment co_filename is not updated for the module.
bpo-45020 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45020]: For frozen stdlib modules, record the original module name as module.__spec__.loader_state.origname. If the value is different than module.__spec__.name then the module was defined as an alias in Tools/scripts/freeze_modules.py. If it is None then the module comes from a source file outside the stdlib.
bpo-45324 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45324]: In FrozenImporter.find_spec(), we now preserve the information needed in exec_module() to load the module. This change mostly impacts internal details, rather than changing the importer's behavior.
bpo-45292 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=45292]: Implement PEP 654 [https://peps.python.org/pep-0654/]. Add ExceptionGroup and BaseExceptionGroup. Update traceback display code.
bpo-40116 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=40116]: Change to the implementation of split dictionaries. Classes where the instances differ either in the exact set of attributes, or in the order in which those attributes are set, can still share keys. This should have no observable effect on users of Python or the C-API. Patch by Mark Shannon.
bpo-44050 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44050]: Extensions that indicate they use global state (by setting m_size to -1) can again be used in multiple interpreters. This reverts to behavior of Python 3.8.
bpo-44525 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44525]: Setup initial specialization infrastructure for the CALL_FUNCTION opcode. Implemented initial specializations for C function calls:
- CALL_FUNCTION_BUILTIN_O for METH_O flag.
- CALL_FUNCTION_BUILTIN_FAST for METH_FASTCALL flag without keywords.
- CALL_FUNCTION_LEN for len(o).
- CALL_FUNCTION_ISINSTANCE for isinstance(o, t).
bpo-44511 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=44511]: Improve the generated bytecode for class and mapping patterns.
bpo-43706 [https://bugs.python.org/issue?@action=redirect&bpo=43706]: Speed up calls to enumerate() by using the PEP 590 [https://peps.python.org/pep-0590/] vectorcall calling convention. Patch by Donghee Na.