[1] 安德鲁·霍奇斯,Alan Turing: The Enigma(Simon & Schuster,1983),138。
[2] David Kahn,Seizing the Enigma: The Race to Break the German U-Boat Codes,1939-1943(Houghton-Mifflin,1991),ch. 3。
[3] 马里安·雷耶夫斯基,“How Polish Mathematicians Deciphered the Enigma”,Annals of the History of Computing,Vol. 3,No. 3(July 1981),213-234。也可参见 Elisabeth Rakus-Andersson,“The Polish Brains Behind the Breaking of the Enigma Code Before and During the Second World War” 见于Christof Teuscher,ed.,Alan Turing: Life and Legacy of a Great Thinker(Springer,2004),419-439。
[4] 雷耶夫斯基,“How Polish Mathematicians Deciphered the Enigma”,226。
[5] Kahn,Seizing the Enigma,73。
[6] 霍奇斯,Alan Turing,148。
[7] Stephen Budiansky,Battle of Wits: The Complete Story of Codebreaking in World War II(Free Press,2000),155 。同样可见于Jack Gray and Keith Thrower,How the Turing Bombe Smashed the Enigma Code(Speedwell,2001)。
[8] 霍奇斯,Alan Turing,218-9。
[9] I. J. Good,“Early Work on Computers at Bletchley”,Annals of the History of Computing,Vol. 1,No. 1(July 1979),41。
[10] 霍奇斯,Alan Turing,206。
[11]格雷戈里·蔡廷,“How Real are Real Numbers?”,International Journal of Bifurcation Chaos,Vol. 16(2006),1841-1848。重印于Gregory J Chaitin,Thinking About Gödel Turing: Essays on Complexity,1970-2007(World Scientific,2007),267-280。