2. 改变

1）路易斯·冯·安——Interview with von Ahn, May 2013.

2）“即使电子书的销量已经逼近纸质书”——Laura Hazard Owen, “PWC: The U.S. Consumer Ebook Market Will Be Bigger Than the Print Book Market by 2017,”PaidContent, June 4, 2013, http://paidcontent.org/2013/06/04/pwc-the-u-s-consumer-ebook-market-will-be-bigger-than-the-print-book-market-by-2017.

3）“在课堂中使用电子教科书的学校仅占全美学校的5%”——Darrell M. West, Digital Schools: How Technology Can Transform Education（Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2013）,p. 24.

4）“任何顾客可以将这辆车漆成任何他们愿意的颜色”——Henry Ford, with Samuel Crowther, My Life and Work（Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1930）， Project Gutenberg, http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/7213/pg7213.html.

5）“《平均时代的终结》”——Tyler Cowen, Average Is Over: Powering American Beyond the Age of the Great Stagnation （New York: Dutton, 2013）.

6）“一个尺寸适合少数人”——Salman Khan, The One World Schoolhouse: Education Reimagined（New York: Twelve, 2012）,p. 57.

7）“一项由比尔和梅琳达·盖茨基金会委托进行的报告指出”——Education Growth Advisors, Learning To Adapt: Understanding the Adaptive Learning Supplier Landscape. Interview with EGA’s Adam Newman, “2013: The Year of Adaptive Learning,”Impatient Optimists（blog），Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, April 10, 2013, http://www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2013/04/2013-The-Year-of Adaptive-Learning.

8）“这套系统曾经以俄克拉荷马州的400名高中新生为对象进行过一次严格的测试”——“Catching On at Last,” Economist, June 29, 2013, http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21580136-new-technology-poised-disrupt-americas-schools-and-then-worlds-catching-last.

9）“在这些新形式的补习课程中，学生的表现优于在常规课程中”——Bill Gates, keynote speech, Association of Community College Trustees, 44th Annual Leadership Congress, Seattle, WA, October 2, 2013, http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Speeches/2013/10/Bill-Gates-Association-of-Community-College-Trustees.

10）“在纽约地区的数所中学推广了一个名为‘个人的学校’的数学项目”——Mary Ann Wolf, Innovate to Educate: System [Re] Design for Personalized Learning——A Report from the 2010 Symposium（Washington, DC: Software & Information Industry Association [SIIA], 2010）, p. 19, http://siia.net/pli/presentations/PerLearnPaper.pdf.