Notes

〔1〕 The Vinaya Pitakam ed.by Hermann Oldenberg，Vol.II，The Cullavagga ，London，1880，p.139.

〔2〕 Vinaya Texts ，III，Sacred Books of the East ，XX，p.151.

〔3〕 Pāli-Literatur und Sprache .Strassburg，1916，p.5.

〔4〕 Zeitschrift für Buddhismus ，n.F.I，1922，p.211ff.

〔5〕 Indian Historical Quarterly ，I，1925，p.501.

〔6〕 A History of Indian Literature ，II，p.602.

〔7〕 The Life of Buddha ，New York，1927，p.253 ff.

〔8〕 Cf.，M.Winternitz's A History of Indian Literature ，II，p.602 ff.

〔9〕 Samantapāsādika ，ed.Saya U Pye，IV，pp.416-420.

〔10〕 Cullavagga ，XX，Sacred Books of the East ，Vol.XX，p.409 ff.

〔11〕 Dipavamsa ，Ⅴ.p.27 ff.：Mahāvamsa ，VI.

〔12〕 E.J.Thomas，The Life of Buddha ，p.170 ff.：Copleston，Buddhism ，pp.154，171，175.

〔13〕 Barth，Religions of India ，London，1921，p.130：Copleston，Buddhism ，p.176 ff.

〔14〕 Über den ältesten Zeitraum der indischen Geschichte ，p.87.

〔15〕 Beiträge zur Pali-Grammatik ，p.6 ff.

〔16〕 Pāli und Sanskrit ，p.131 ff.

〔17〕 The Home of Paiśāci ，ZDMG.64，p.95 ff.

〔18〕 Grierson，The Paiśāca Languages of NorthWestern India ，Asiatic Society Monographs，Vol.VIII.1906，in which it is said that Paiśāci was the dialect of NorthWestern India.

〔19〕 The Vinaya Pitakam ，Vol.I，London，1879，p.L.ff.

〔20〕 Simplified Grammar of the Pali Language ，London，1884，p.111.

〔21〕 Die Lehre des Upanishaden und die Anfänge des Buddhismus， Göttingen，1915，p.283.

〔22〕 Über den sprachlichen Charakter des Pāli ，Actes du XIVe Congres International des Orientaliste，prem.pratie，Paris.1906，p.252 ff.

〔23〕 Pāli-Literatur und Sprache ，p.5.

〔24〕 Concerning this problem there are numerous literatures.Cf.Chi Hsien-lin：“Die Verwendung des Aorists als Kriterium für Alter und Ursprung buddhistischer Textes，”Collected Publications of the Academy of Sciences of Göttingen，the Section of Languages and History ，1949，p.288，Anm.2.

〔25〕 The Revised Taisho Edition of the Tripitaka ，Vol.XXIV，p.822.

〔26〕 The Revised Taisho Edition of the Tripitaka ，Vol.XXII，p.955.

〔27〕 The Revised Taisho Edition of the Tripitaka ，Vol.XXII，p.174.Cf.the Mahiśāsaka-vinaya ，Vol.VI（The Revised Taisho Edition of the Tripitaka ，Vol.XXII.p.39）：“The Bhikkhus came to become monks from different countries，and their intonation for the recitation of the scriptures was incorrect.Some laymen sneered at them and said，‘How is it，monks，that you are under the direct instruction of the Buddha and yet do not know the masculine and feminine genders and the singular and plural numbers in grammar？’Upon hearing this the monks felt ashamed and told it to the Buddha.On account of this event the Buddha assembled the monks and asked them，‘Was it really so？’They replied，‘It was really so，sir.’Then the Buddha reproached the laymen from a distance，saying，‘You fools，why should you have sneered at these foreign monks，saying that their pronunciation and grammar are incorrect in the recitation of the scriptures？”

〔28〕 The Revised Taisho Edition of the Tripitaka ，Vol.XXIII，p.274.

〔29〕 The Revised Taisho Edition of the Tripitaka ，Vol.XXIV，p.232.